ABSTRACT
The presented work contains an analysis of seroprevalence, tension, and duration of post-vaccination immunity to the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus in the residents of the Republic of Belarus after immunization with two vaccine preparations available in the country: Sputnik V and Vero Cell. It was found that seroconversion after the injection of the Vero Cell vaccine occurred significantly later than after the Sputnik V vaccine (p < 0.001). Nevertheless, two-stage immunization with the vaccines provided a sufficiently high efficiency of the inoculated antibodies to the S protein of the COVID-19 pathogen: the proportion of seropositive persons reached 99.19 [96.89;99.97] % for Sputnik V and 96.03 [90.81;98.53] % for Vero Cell. The efficiency of antibody formation after immunization with the Vero Cell vaccine was lower in older persons (in the group > 65 years). The proportion of individuals with the highest IgG score for the SARS-CoV-2 S protein was higher after the Sputnik V administration compared to that in response to the Vero Cell vaccine (p < 0.05), and gradually decreased over time. However, no significant decrease in the level of seropositive individuals after 90 days from the start of immunization with the both vaccine preparations was detected. In COVID-19 survivors immunized with the Sputnik V vaccine, the quantitative indicators of post-vaccination antibodies reached their peak values after 1 dose of the vaccine. The obtained results complement the accumulated world science and practical information on the problem of the post-vaccination immunity formation in the context of the use of different drugs against COVID-19.
ABSTRACT
COVID-19 has become a planetary emergency which is seriously threatening human health. Comparative studies can shed light on the molecular mechanisms of the formation of humoral antiviral immunity in persons who have undergone the disease and have been vaccinated against the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Serum levels of biomarkers of inflammation and cytokine storm (procalcitonin, sCD14, sLBP, sTREM1, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, sWnt5a, TNF alpha and TNF beta) were determined by enzyme immunoassay. We studied the relationship between the content of biomarkers in blood serum with low and high concentrations of antiviral antibodies, indirect indicators of which are the values of the positivity coefficient (CP). A significant increase in the serum levels of sTREM1, IL-6, and procalcitonin was found in persons with a high CP level after infection. A significant increase in IL-6 and PCT was revealed in persons vaccinated with the Sputnik V vaccine, both with a low level of CP and with a high one. In vaccinated individuals with a low CP level, a significant increase in the sTREM1 content was also observed. It has been shown that the content of sCD14 (presepsin) is significantly lower in vaccinated individuals, both with low and high CP, compared with donors. When studying the correlations between CP and serum biomarkers in vaccinated individuals, a weak inverse correlation was found for sLBP (r = -0.465) and IL-6 (r = -0.437), as well as an average inverse correlation for sTREM1 (r = -0.508).
ABSTRACT
The presented work contains the analysis of a virus-specific antibody frequency in patients with COVID-19, the timing of their appearance and the kinetics of seroconversion. It was found that total antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus were detected in 55.7 % and IgG - in 74.7 % of patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 infection. Their frequency was significantly higher than that in patients of the other examined groups. During the first 6 days, the kinetics of seroconversion was characterized by the appearance of total antibodies and IgG in 10.5 and 5.3 % of patients with COVID-19, respectively. In most patients (71.4 %), seroconversion of IgM and IgG was registered from 7 to 11 days and 100 % of patients had total antibodies and IgG to SARS-CoV-2 after 22 days of disease. The presented results complement the data accumulated in different countries of the world regarding the formation of a humoral immune response in COVID-19. © 2020 Verlag Ferdinand Schoningh. All rights reserved.